Urinary tract infections
Urinary tract infection
- Infection of bladder, ureter, kidney (via renal pelvis)
- NB. Urethral infection is considered a STD
Predisposition
- Anatomy
- Female anatomy: proximity of urethra to anus
- Congenital abnormalities affecting flow: ectopic vesicae, ureteric duplication, urethral valves, congenital stricture, VUJ reflux
- Urine stasis
- Mechanical obstruction: hydronephrosis, stricture, stone, neurogenic bladder, prostatic hypertrophy
- Prostatic enlargement
- Instrumentation
- Indwelling catheters
- Systemic disease
- Diabetes
- Immune deficiencies
Organisms
- Enterococci: E.coli, proteus, pseudomonas, klebsiella, staph aureus
Diagnosis
- Urine dipstick: RBCS, WCC, nitrates
- Microscopy
- Culture
